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198 Methods of Nonviolent Action, Illustrated

  • From Gene Sharp

We’ve compiled real-world examples to illustrate many of Gene Sharp’s 198 Methods of Nonviolent Action. Click on one to to access inspiration by seeing how others have put these into action!

#1: Public Speeches

#2: Letters of Opposition or Support

#3: Declarations by Organizations and Institutions

#4: Signed Public Statements

#5: Declarations of Indictment and Intention

#6: Group or Mass Petitions

#7: Slogans, Caricatures, and Symbols

#8: Banners, Posters, Displayed Communications

#9: Leaflets, Pamphlets, Books

#10: Newspapers and Journals

#11: Records, Radio and Television

#12: Skywriting and Earthwriting

#13: Deputations

#18: Displays of Flags and Symbols

#112: Reporting Sick (“Sick-In”)

#130: Removal of Signs and Placemarks

#137: Refusal of an Assemblage or Meeting to Disperse

#149: Quasi-Legal Evasions and Delays

#162: Sit-In

(You can read more about the different methods of nonviolent protest in Gene Sharp’s book The Politics of Nonviolent Action. Download a pdf of the full list of 198 methods here.)

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Nonviolent Action Method #13: Deputations

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After almost a decade of civil war, both Christian and Muslim women in Liberia, led by Leymah Gbowee, began to protest. When Liberian warlords met in the city of Accra, in Ghana, the women were optimistic for a solution.

Nonviolent Action Method #3: Declarations by Organizations and Institutions

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Occupy Wall Street started off their movement with the “Declaration of the Occupation of New York City,” which detailed both a list of complaints and their vision for the future.

(You can read more about the different methods of nonviolent protest in Gene Sharp’s book The Politics of Nonviolent Action.

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